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LF is an abbreviation for Low Frequency and refers to the wave measured based on the blood pressure fluctuations mentioned above. HF is an abbreviation for High Frequency and refers to the wave measured in synchronization with respiration, as described earlier. These two components are compared when estimating the balance of the autonomic nervous system from heart rate variability. LF appears in heart rate variability when either the sympathetic or parasympathetic nervous system is active. In contrast, HF appears in heart rate variability only when the parasympathetic nervous system is active.